Academic Research Journal of Biotechnology
ARJB
ISSN: 2384-616X
Vol. 9(1), pp. 1-10. October, 2021.
ISSN: 2384-616X
https://doi.org/10.14662/arjb2021020
Full Length Research
Antioxidants and Ameliorative Potentials of Stem Bark Extract of Anogeissus Leiocarpus against Formalin - Induced Pain and Inflammation in Wistar Rats
Titilayo Akande1, S. O. Salawu2, A.A. Akindahunsi2, Nadia Mulinacci3
1Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
2Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
3Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. * to whom correspondence should be addressed: sosalawu@futa.edu.ng
Submission Date: 17 September 2021 Accepted 5 October 2021
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Abstract |
The study was carried out to reveal the toxicity dosage, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of hexane and ethanolic stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus (Al) in albino rats. The antioxidant ability of hexane and ethanolic stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus was carried out using various antioxidant assays. The toxicity study was also conducted using 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). Formalin-induced paw oedema model was used to investigate anti-inflammatory effects of hexane and ethanolic stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus in experimental rats. There is a dearth of information on the anti-inflammatory activity of this study plant in an oedema model induced by formalin and inflammatory mediators in rats. Therefore, this research was to evaluate the toxicity dosage, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of hexane and ethanolic stem bark extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus (Al) in wistar albino rats to validate scientifically the folklore claims of the plant. The results showed that free radicals were statistically scavenged at p < 0.05 by stem bark extract of the study plant at different concentrations. The higher percentage hydroxyl scavenging ability was recorded in hexane extract of stem bark of Al at 100 μg/ml (80.70 ± 0.22) while lower percentage hydroxyl scavenging ability was recorded by ethanolic extract of Al (61.19 ± 0.62). Hexane extract showed higher percentage of inhibition of DPPH activity (80.95 ± 0.86) while ethanolic extract recorded lower percentage potential of 60.26 ± 0.18 at 100 μg/ml, in a concentration dependent manner. FRAP values of ethanolic stem bark extract (46.67 ± 0.33 (mg AA/g extract)) was lower than the hexane stem bark extract (80.55 ± 1.97 (mg AA/ g extract) of Anogeissus leiocarpus). Daily oral administration of hexane and ethanolic stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus was done for 14 days. No mortality was recorded after fourteen (14) days of treatment. The studied plant is safe and nontoxic to rats (LD50> 5000 mg/kg).The highest percentage inhibition was exhibited by hexane extract at dose of 300 mg/kg body weight while the lowest percentage paw oedema inhibition (33.57 %) was observed in ethanolic extract at dose of 75 mg/kg. The standard drug (ibuprofen) at 400 mg/kg body weight exhibited the percentage of inhibition of 64.70%. The antioxidant potentials and the ability of the stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus to reduce the size of oedema produced by formaldehyde, suggested that it has chemical constituents that may be active against inflammatory disorders.
Keywords: Anogeissus leiocarpus, antioxidant, formalin, anti-inflammatory.
| Cite This Article As: Akande, T., Salawu, S.O., Akindahunsi, A.A., Mulinacci, N. ((2021). Antioxidants and Ameliorative Potentials of Stem Bark Extract of Anogeissus Leiocarpus Against Formalin - Induced Pain and Inflammation in Wistar Rats.. Acad. Res. J. Biotech. 9(1): 1-10 | |